Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development Essay Example for Free

Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development Essay This article has deeply looked into the importances of education. The different perspectives that the author of the article has used in explaining the significance of education has made me to understand the noble part of education which I though was increased economic power. However from the article, I have realized that there are other benefits accrued to education such as improved lifestyle, and also status quo of an individual though they have not been fully exhausted in the article. The completion of tertiary education has also increase in Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) members have also learnt that there is inequality in economic earning in the OECD country members with Spain, Luxembourg and Belgium having the lowest level of gender inequality. This however does not conform in all countries especially the developing countries where the level of unemployment is high. There is high level of unemployed graduates in the developing countries which deprive education of its importance. The income rate in the developing countries do not match with education level due to high level of corruption in these countries. It is possible to find a Bachelor degree holder earning less than a college diploma holder. The education in different countries vary in significance and in the developed countries the people enjoy the benefits of education more than the people in the developing countries. The articles analysis on sciences and maths score has brought the clear image of performance across different countries. Just like many people, I could not have imagined that the United States could be led by any other country in the science and technology sector. Amazingly from the articles analysis on these subjects (Science and Maths), Asian countries take a lead including Singapore, China, South Korea and Japan. It have also been noted that different countries differ significantly on the level of education and education attainment. The gender inequality in earning is very prominent in the developing countries which the article should have focused. The article did not include African states in the analysis except in the science and math performance. I feel that the article needed more of comparison on education in Africa with the first world countries which could have brought about a clear view of education in the two disparities. The article could have discussed about the future prospect of education in the world. With the improved technology, different individuals from different countries are able to acquire universal education and hence chances of employment increase. The level of competition in education is also likely to go higher as children at a lower age are being exposed to technology such as the internet. The article need therefore to address the future of education in the globe. The benefits of education are broader than the article is stating. Education plays a major role in the conservation of the environment. The level of education determines the ones level of environmental consciousness. With the threat of global warming, education through creating awareness and providing solutions to the problem can make a difference.

How Cleanliness Affects the Life of an Individual Essay Example for Free

How Cleanliness Affects the Life of an Individual Essay The significance of cleanliness and hygiene cannot be overlooked by any society. Every faith and civilisation stresses the importance of cleanliness. Historically, cleanliness has been considered one of the important factors by which to judge a civilisation’s or society’s development. Islam places great emphasis on cleanliness and purity, both physically and spiritually. In Islam, spiritual purity is linked to physical cleanliness and purity. More impor tantly, cleanliness is termed an indispensable fundamental of faith. However, this fundamental and powerful tenet of our faith, unfortunately, is not reflected in our society practically. Serious reflection is required on our individual as well as collective practices in order to make this valuable principle of Islam part of our lives. There are many verses in the Holy Quran which reflect the importance of cleanliness. For example, Allah says â€Å"†¦Truly, Allah loves those who turn to Him constantly and He loves those who keep themselves pure and clean† (2:222). In the Quran worship and seeking Allah’s love is conditioned with cleanliness and purity as the Holy Book says â€Å"†¦In it [mosque] are men who love to clean and to purify themselves. And Allah loves those who make themselves clean and pure† (9:108). Furthermore, in one of his sayings the Holy Prophet (PBUH) has termed cleanliness as half of faith. The above few examples from the Holy Quran and sayings of the Holy Prophet reveal that without cleanliness of our body and environment, one cannot receive the proximity of Allah spiritually and most importantly, faith cannot be completed in the absence of cleanliness and purity. Much is said rhetorically about cleanliness in our society but practically its application is missing. A quick observation can reveal how insensitive a culture we have developed regarding cleanliness and hygiene. Throwing garbage in the streets, roads or parks has become a common practice in our society. In public places dustbins are seldom found. Even if dustbins are installed, people do not use them properly. Rather, they prefer to throw garbage outside them. It is also observed that people clean their homes and shops and throw the garbage on the street without considering its implications. It is evident that even students of elite schools throw garbage on the ground even in the presence of garbage bins. This shows our attitude towards cleanliness and hygiene. Another habit that is commonly found in our society is spitting openly. People spit paan from running vehicles without considering the pedestrians walking on the road. This practice not only affects the environment but is also an eyesore. Another area that needs consideration is the horrible condition of public toilets. The shortage of public toilets is a big challenge, hence people are compelled to use open spaces to answer the call of nature. The toilets that do exist are in such pathetic condition that one cannot use them. There are many other examples which can be cited to indicate the pathetic condition of cleanliness and hygiene in our society. Hence, conscious efforts are needed to tackle this issue. There is a dire need to educate and sensitise people about the importance of cleanliness in light of our faith. In this regard social institutions such as educational institutions, the media and religious institutions can play a vital role. It is essential to provide civic education in order to train the younger generations of a society. In Pakistan, the education system needs to transform its practices. Teaching and learning material regarding cleanliness and hygiene should be included in the curriculum and textbooks. Educational institutions should demonstrate cleanliness in their premises. To train young people schools should involve students in cleaning their schools, homes and environment and highlight proper sanitary practices. The use of dustbins should be strictly followed in the school premises. Secondly, the media can be a powerful source to educate and sensitise the masses about the importance of cleanliness and disadvantages of an unhygienic way of life. It should focus on both the good as well as unhygienic practices in our society. Thirdly, religious institutions such as mosques and madressahs can also play their part in educating the people about the importance of cleanliness in the light of Islamic teachings. Furthermore, the role and commitment of the government cannot be overlooked in maintaining cleanliness and hygiene in society. The government’s will is very crucial in making policies and implementing them at the grass-roots level. The government can play an important role in cleaning areas, installing dustbins, collecting garbage and enforcing laws against littering etc. The importance of cleanliness cannot be ignored in individual as well as communal life. On one hand it is an important factor for human health and spiritual development; on the other hand it is essential for environmental development. By adopting a clean and hygienic lifestyle, a valuable amount can also be saved where health issues are concerned. A clean and healthy life helps in refining the culture of a society and reflects in every aspect of life such as art, architecture, food, music and so on. Ultimately, it leads towards a higher level of civilisation. Islam has put unique emphasis on the importance of cleanliness by making it a part of faith. Hence, there is a dire need to make conscious efforts in educating the people about the importance of cleanliness. In this regard, serious steps are required at multiple levels to make this precious value of our faith part of our individual and collective lives. Cleanliness  is both the  abstract  state of being clean and free from  dirt, and the process of achieving and maintaining that state. Cleanliness may be endowed with a moral quality, as indicated by the  aphorism  cleanliness is next to  godliness,[1]  and may be regarded as contributing to other ideals such as  health  andbeauty. In emphasizing an ongoing procedure or set of habits for the purpose of maintenance and prevention, the concept of cleanliness differs from  purity[disambiguation needed], which is a physical, moral, or ritual state of freedom from pollutants. Whereas purity is usually a quality of an individual or substance, cleanliness has a social dimension, or implies a system of interactions. [2]  Cleanliness, observed  Jacob Burckhardt, is indispensable to our modern notion of social perfection. [3]  A household or workplace may be said to exhibit cleanliness, but not ordinarily purity; cleanliness also would be a characteristic of the people who maintain cleanness or prevent dirtying. On a practical level, cleanliness is thus related to  hygiene  and disease prevention. Washing  is one way of achieving physical cleanliness, usually with  water  and often some kind of  soap  ordetergent. Procedures of cleanliness are of utmost importance in many forms of manufacturing. As an assertion of moral superiority or respectability, cleanliness has played a role in establishing cultural values in relation to  social class,  humanitarianism, and  cultural imperialism.

Communication Is Vital For Human Survival English Language Essay

Communication Is Vital For Human Survival English Language Essay Communications can be said as the most vital element for the humans life. Well obviously, without knowing the proper ways of communications techniques, how are we supposed to share or exchange thoughts, feelings, ideas, emotions or information without causing any sorts of interruption or trouble? Even animals communicate with each other in its elaborate ways! In order to archive a successful communications, we have to get ourselves crystal clear in what is professional communications all about. Well luckily, I am learning Professional Communications, which is very essential to ones life as it could take me one step closer to be a successful person. Communications must be intended to convey a message. Some messages, such as poetry or quotes, may not be intended to a specific party and may be simply for the enjoyment of the creator to share his messages. So there may be no intended receiver. A message is usually both transmitted and received. The process goes like this, the sender conceives the message, encodes the message and selects the most suitable medium, and the receiver then decodes the message, interprets the message and sends the feedback back to the sender. Therefore there will always be a transmitter in a communication. It is important for us to convey a message in the very best medium so that the receiver will get it with ease. If you chose a bad and weak medium, the message would turn out to be a different meaning, though, it will create an unjust misunderstanding in that specific message. For example, our broadcast radio or the webcam at home, there might be a reception problem; hence, some messages may not reach th e listener properly who does not understand the messages being delivered. Therefore, we have to choose the most suitable medium such as conversation between face-to-face, e-mails or via the telephone. The ability to communicate is special but it is often taken for granted and it is not always used to the greatest advantage. Failure to communicate a message would end up to a hectic result. Lets say the sender has wrongly conceived the message, encoded the message in a wrong tone language, and chosen the wrong medium, thus the receiver would receive the message that has been interpreted wrongly, and the sender will either receive the feedback interpreted wrongly as well or will not receive the feedback at all! We communicate in couple of ways, consider which medium is appropriate. There are two types of communication, verbal communication and nonverbal communication. Verbal communication is divided to two media of communication, oral and written communication. Oral communication, that is communication by word of mouth, simply means the use of speech. Some of the types of conversations of oral communication being used in society are face-to-face, telephone conversation, speeches, interviews, meetings, video conference, teleconference, voice chat over internet and public speaking. Oral communication can be used mostly in any circumstances. Lets say Ive been given a task to do a presentation, in order to present a persuasive oral presentation, I would highlight the strongest points first. And I would vary the pace, speak up, use the appropriate words, stand upright, and most importantly establish eye contact with the receiver that could be a group of people or audience. Even the salesmen that are trying to sell the goods, they would talk confidently and keep a strong eye contact with the customers to persuade them. Written communication, which could be email, letters, reports, advertisements, facsimile, notes, minutes, articles or memos, is writing the words which we want to communicate. One of the main advantages of using writing communications is that we can edit the message before we send it to the receiver. Good written communications is quite essential for business purposes. The most common forms of written communications are letter and office memo. Nonverbal communications is transmitting messages non verbally intentionally or unintentionally. Examples of non verbal communications are hand gestures, posture, face expressions, body language and eye contact. Non verbal communications can be done without speaking, such as pointing the finger. The sender illustrates the message by his/her body language and the receiver would get the message intended. Clothing, hairstyles and bodily characteristics can also be clarified as non verbal communications. Lets say we see a group of people wearing a same design of t-shirts, our mind will automatically tell that they are in one group that set themselves apart from others in the form of clothing. Another example, a person with tattoo on his arm could also give us the message about his/her personality traits. Non verbal can be unconscious, for instance, lets say we have come for an agreement with ones statement, hence we will say yes and unconsciously we would nod our head and smile as well! We must be constantly alert that there are advantages and disadvantages with different methods of communications. Oral communication has its advantages of, direct medium, instant feedback from the receiver, easier to persuade, participation of all present and instant exchange of opinions. Disadvantages of oral communication are, disputes can arise, often no written record hence cheating can happen and difficult to control a large amount of people. Advantages of written communication are, can be edited before sending it to the receiver, can be duplicated for future reference or evidence, can give out complex ideas and provides written record. Disadvantages of written communication are, problems with interpretation, difficult to modify once sent, can be costly and lastly it takes time. Non verbal has its advantages of, added interactive visual, provides simulations of situations, strengthen oral communication and list out the ideas in number form. Disadvantages of non verbal communicat ion are difficulties in interpretation without written or spoken word, can be expensive and sometimes the message will not be sent correctly. There are some barriers in communications such as, age barrier, gender, physical, emotional, language, cultural, listening, skills and stress barrier. If we want to transmit a message successfully from the sender to the receiver, we must eliminate all types of barriers. Learning professional communications also thought me about negotiations and how to attend an interview in a professional manner. Well negotiations are basically about communications. Realise or not, we negotiate everyday for all sorts of thing. A good negotiator is one who knows when to use the negotiating styles and not one who strives to gain maximum profit. We have to learn all the 4 types of negotiating styles so that we would know what to use, how to use and when to use it that depends on different circumstances. The four types of negotiating styles are, competing, which means maximum profit, minimum relationship; cooperating, which means profit plus, maximum relationship; withdrawing, which means zero profit, minimum relationship; and lastly, compromising, which means less profit and maximum relationship. Making a big impact on the interviewer on how well we are prepared to answer the interviewer questions is one of the main things. We have to impress the interviewer that we ar e the right person they are looking for. In order to do that, we have to do a research on that company and get to know about the history of it, dress smartly, bring all along the certificates and have a sufficient sleep and healthy food. The delivery of ones outlook and the passion would persuade the interviewer to employ us. In conclusion, I would thank Mr. Warren for teaching me the importance and the true meaning of professional communications. It will definitely benefit not only me, but the whole bunch of students in the future.

Civil LIberties :: essays research papers

The terms are pretty much used synonymously, but I'll make the distinction that "civil liberties" means your conceptual rights and "civil rights" means your legal rights. In those terms, "civil liberties" are your personal rights as spelled out in the Constitution and other founding documents, such as the right to life, liberty, the pursuit of happiness, free speech, freedom of religion, freedom of assembly, etc. "Civil rights" are the particulars of how those vague concepts are implemented in law. Under this definition, our civil liberties don't change (except when we amend the constitution) but our civil rights change regularly as new laws are made or new interpretations are ruled upon. Some examples of civil rights laws are: -- Affirmative action rulings, which require preferential hiring of under-represented minority and gender groups; -- The Americans with Disabilities Act, which requires that public places provide access for people with disabilities; -- Vermont's recent Civil Union statute, which allows homosexual couples to get married. None of those laws change the basics underlying civil liberty (the right to equal treatment is the basis of all of them), but they have a big effect on people's legal rights. The philosophical basis for most controversial civil rights law (like those above) is the idea that a "right" doesn't exist at all if it can't be enforced or exercised. Enforcing and exercising rights often means that other people are required to do things or pay for things, which is where the controversy comes in. For example, blacks had the "right" to equal treatment in job hiring before affirmative action, but had no means to enforce equal representation in the job place until Affirmative Action laws took effect. And disabled people had the "right" to go to any public place, but until the ADA took effect, they had no means of compelling business owners to build ramps for wheelchairs, for example.

Albert Einstein :: biographies bio

Albert was born in 1879 on March 14 to Hermann and Pauline Einstein. Hermann ran an electrical technology business which was often on the verge of bankruptcy. Hermann's parents were Abraham and Hindel. Albert's parents moved around Europe several times while Albert was still living at home. He was born in Ulm, Germany. Two years Albert became a big brother when his sister Maja (Maria) was born, at this time his family was living at Munich. At the age of nine Albert entered a school in Munich called Luitpold. In school Albert got fairly good grades in his subject while he excelled in mathematics. However, he hated the school because success was based on memorization and obedience rather than how much a child knew. Then when Albert went home he studied mathematics, physics, and philosophy all on his own. Then later his teacher asked him to leave because Albert was causing the other students to loose respect for the teacher. At fifteen Albert took the teacher's advice and left mid term to be with his parents and sister in Italy. He renounced his German citizenship after enrolling in a cantonal school in Aarau, Switzerland. After he graduated from Aarau he entered the Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich, received his diploma and became a Swiss citizen. However, Albert had a difficult time holding down a full time job; he held many different part time jobs and it wasn't until he was offered a job with the Swiss Patent Office in Bern did he finally receive a regular salary. During one of his part time teaching positions his eye was caught by a young Serbian woman, Meleva Maric. She was the only woman in his physics class; yet Albert would not talk of marriage, even after she bore his daughter and gave it up for adoption. Once Albert was hired full time with the Swiss Patent Office in Bern he had enough money to begin thinking about marriage and he and Meleva were married in 1903. With this new job Albert had the time to write his thoughts down and to. Meleva gave birth to two sons Hans Albert in 1904 and Eduard in 1910. Hans would grow up and become a successful hydraulic engineer, while Eduard grew up being sick most of his life. In 1914 the German government offered Albert a position at the University of Berlin as well as a membership to the Prussian Academy of Sciences.

Atheism as an Evolution of Thought and its Place Among the Religious Mu

Atheism is defined by the Merriam-Webster dictionary as (a) a disbelief in the existence of a deity or (b) a doctrine that there is no deity and by The Oxford Dictionary as the disbelief or lack of belief in the existence of God or gods. The Supreme Court proceedings of Schempp vs. Curlett defined atheism in eloquent humanist terms: An atheist loves his fellow man instead of a god. An atheist believes that heaven is something for which we should work now – here on earth for all men together to enjoy. An atheist believes that he can get no help through prayer but that he must find in himself the inner conviction and strength to meet life, to grapple with it, to subdue it, and enjoy it. An atheist believes that only in a knowledge of himself and a knowledge of his fellow man can he find the understanding that will help to a life of fulfillment. He seeks to know himself and his fellow man rather than to know a god... He believes that we are our brother’s keepers and are keeper of our own lives; that we are responsible persons and that the job is here and the time is now. For the purposes of this discourse, the terms atheist and atheism will encompass this humanist philosophical view point as well as modes of thought based upon scientific principals and tangible realities of existence; thus avoiding defining atheism only in relation to theistic belief systems. It is important to acknowledge that atheism, and indeed non-theism as well, is not simply a reaction to theistic beliefs or an angry rebellion against the theocratic majority. Rather, it is a celebration of life, a complete acceptance of mortality, and a joyfulness in truth. â€Å"And what is more pleasing than practical wisdom when you consider the reliability and efficiency ... ...iedrich. Twilight of the Idols and The Anti-Christ. Trans. R J Hollingdale. 1889. Introduction Micheal Tanner, 1990. Translator’s Note R J Hollingdale, 1968. London: Penguin Group, 2003. Print. â€Å"Our Founder†. Carnegie Corporation of New York. 2009 Pellissier, Hank. â€Å"Atheist are the Most Generous – Even Without Heaven Reward!†. The Richard Dawkins Foundation. 25 November 2011. Web. 3 April 2012. School District of Abington Tp., Pa. Vs. Schempp. No. 374 US 203. Supreme Court of the US. 17 June 1963. Westlaw. Web. 16 April 2012. â€Å"Sean Faircloth, Former Executive Director†. Staff. Secular Coalition For America, n.d. Web. 3 April 2012.

Expectations of Current Economy Essay

The U. S. economy in 2013 has a projected growth increased to an annual rate of 2. 5 percent in the first quarter, but not enough to meet the expectations made by the economists (Aljazeera 2013). The reason why all of these projections came to be was because of disappointments that came about; plans did not follow through, or because of accident and uncontrollable events. For example, part of the acceleration in activity reflected farmers filling up silos after a drought in the summer decimated their crops output, but the growth rate was a halfhearted 1. percent (Aljazeera 2013). Because of this event that transpired, the economy did need to compensate in other areas for this event not to be an overall bust. To help with the compensation would be all the other fields of the economy such as the spending of the consumer. The consumer spending, accounting for more than two-thirds of US economic activity, increased at a 3. 2 percent. It grew at a 1. 8 percent rate in the fourth quarter of last year (Aljazeera 2013). However consumer spending was not enough to compensate for other downfalls. Households cut back on saving to fund their purchases after their incomes dropped at a 5. 3 percent rate in the first quarter (Aljazeera 2013). The saving rate fell to 2. 6 percent from 4. 7 percent in the fourth quarter of 2012(Aljazeera 2013). But now, based on projections, housing is showing positive signs and can be expected to keep improving over the next year The spending of the government fell to a 4. 1 percent annual rate and most of the increase in the first-quarter spending came from car purchases and outlays for utilities (Aljazeera 2013). But with this good news, the purchase of equipment and software by businesses slowed sharply. But it picked back up at only three percent rate after a brisk 11. 8 percent pace in the fourth quarter (Aljazeera 2013). The forces needed for a quickening US recovery are already in place, but they are going to occur slowly but surely. The balances of items that are or could be affecting the US consumer spending have turned positive (IHS 2012). Also seen is that US businesses are likely to spend and hire more, which means that growth will average around 2% next year (HIS 2012).